The franchisor helps the franchisee start up the business to ensure it runs smoothly. He contributes his reputation, experience, marketing strategy, national or international communications and know-how. This pooling of resources enables franchisees to get up and running quickly, and to benefit from a proven business model that is often profitable from the outset, thanks to the experience of other franchises.

In return, the franchisee must bring the brand's concept to life locally, in line with the franchisor's business model. To use the brand, the franchisee pays part of his income in the form of royalties, which can represent several tens of percent of sales, and rent if he does not own the land. They must also pay an entry fee to become a franchisee, and make a personal contribution that is not financed by a bank. In addition to these costs, the franchisee must respect the franchisor's guidelines, which can limit his or her flexibility.

Despite the high initial costs for the franchisee, this model is advantageous for both parties. It ensures recurring revenues and requires little initial capital for the franchisor, while offering the franchisee a guarantee of success without the need for extensive prior knowledge. This model has proven its effectiveness, enabling businesses to grow rapidly while maintaining uniformity of quality and service.

For potential franchisor shareholders, it's important to know that you're investing as much in a property portfolio, brand and logistics network as in a chain of restaurants, car dealerships or hotels. You also benefit from recurring revenues, greater visibility and a business model that's light on assets and capital expenditure.

Here's a list of the main franchisors listed on the stock exchange.